Compare Nepal (2008) - Micronesia, Federated States of (2002)

Compare Nepal (2008) z Micronesia, Federated States of (2002)

	Nepal (2008)	Micronesia, Federated States of (2002)

Administrative divisions	14 zones (anchal, singular and plural); Bagmati, Bheri, Dhawalagiri, Gandaki, Janakpur, Karnali, Kosi, Lumbini, Mahakali, Mechi, Narayani, Rapti, Sagarmatha, Seti	4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap
Age structure	0-14 years: 38.3% (male 5,721,720/female 5,360,391) 15-64 years: 57.9% (male 8,597,037/female 8,134,115) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 528,113/female 560,414) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%
Agriculture - products	rice, corn, wheat, sugarcane, jute, root crops; milk, water buffalo meat	black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens
Airports	47 (2007)	7 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 10 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 8 under 914 m: 1 (2007)	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 37 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 30 (2007)	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 147,181 sq km land: 143,181 sq km water: 4,000 sq km	total: 702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Arkansas	four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)
Background	In 1951, the Nepalese monarch ended the century-old system of rule by hereditary premiers and instituted a cabinet system of government. Reforms in 1990 established a multiparty democracy within the framework of a constitutional monarchy. A Maoist insurgency, launched in 1996, gained traction and threatened to bring down the regime, especially after a negotiated cease-fire between the Maoists and government forces broke down in August 2003. In 2001, the crown prince massacred ten members of the royal family, including the king and queen, and then took his own life. In October 2002, the new king dismissed the prime minister and his cabinet for "incompetence" after they dissolved the parliament and were subsequently unable to hold elections because of the ongoing insurgency. While stopping short of reestablishing parliament, the king in June 2004 reinstated the most recently elected prime minister who formed a four-party coalition government. Citing dissatisfaction with the government's lack of progress in addressing the Maoist insurgency and corruption, the king in February 2005 dissolved the government, declared a state of emergency, imprisoned party leaders, and assumed power. The king's government subsequently released party leaders and officially ended the state of emergency in May 2005, but the monarch retained absolute power until April 2006. After nearly three weeks of mass protests organized by the seven-party opposition and the Maoists, the king allowed parliament to reconvene in April 2006. Following a November 2006 peace accord between the government and the Maoists, an interim constitution was promulgated and the Maoists were allowed to enter parliament in January 2007. The peace accord calls for the creation of a Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution. The Constituent Assembly elections, already twice delayed, are set for April 2008.	In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.
Birth rate	30.46 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA births/1,000 population
Budget	revenues: $1.153 billion expenditures: $1.927 billion (FY06/07)	revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants) expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital	name: Kathmandu geographic coordinates: 27 43 N, 85 19 E time difference: UTC+5.75 (10.75 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Palikir
Climate	varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south	tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	6,112 km
Constitution	9 November 1990; note - a new interim constitution was promulgated in January 2007; the November 2006 peace agreement calls for the election of a constituent assembly to draft a new permanent constitution	10 May 1979
Country name	conventional long and short form: Nepal local long and short form: Nepal	conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) abbreviation: FSM
Currency	-	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	9.14 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	$3.07 billion (March 2006)	$66.5 million
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Nancy J. POWELL embassy: Maharajgunj, Kathmandu mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [977] (1) 400-7200 FAX: [977] (1) 400-7272	chief of mission: Ambassador Larry DINGER embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Suresh Chandra CHALISE chancery: 2131 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 667-4550 FAX: [1] (202) 667-5534 consulate(s) general: New York:	chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international	joint border commission continues to work on contested sections of boundary with India, including the 400 square kilometer dispute over the source of the Kalapani River; India has instituted a stricter border regime to restrict transit of Maoist insurgents and illegal cross-border activities; approximately 106,000 Bhutanese Lhotshampas (Hindus) have been confined in refugee camps in southeastern Nepal since 1990	none
Economic aid - recipient	$427.9 million (2005)	under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001
Economy - overview	Nepal is among the poorest and least developed countries in the world with almost one-third of its population living below the poverty line. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, providing a livelihood for three-fourths of the population and accounting for 38% of GDP. Industrial activity mainly involves the processing of agricultural produce including jute, sugarcane, tobacco, and grain. Security concerns relating to the Maoist conflict have led to a decrease in tourism, a key source of foreign exchange. Nepal has considerable scope for exploiting its potential in hydropower and tourism, areas of recent foreign investment interest. Prospects for foreign trade or investment in other sectors will remain poor, however, because of the small size of the economy, its technological backwardness, its remoteness, its landlocked geographic location, its civil strife, and its susceptibility to natural disaster.	Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location and a lack of adequate facilities hinder development. In 1996, the country experienced a 20% reduction in revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. Since these revenues accounted for 57% of consolidated government revenues, reduced Compact funding resulted in a severe depression. Economic activity recovered in 1999-2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due to likely further reductions in external grants made under the US Compact funding. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth.
Electricity - consumption	1.96 billion kWh (2006)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	101 million kWh (2006)	-
Electricity - imports	266 million kWh (2006)	-
Electricity - production	2.511 billion kWh (2006)	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation (overuse of wood for fuel and lack of alternatives); contaminated water (with human and animal wastes, agricultural runoff, and industrial effluents); wildlife conservation; vehicular emissions	overfishing, climate change, pollution
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Chhettri 15.5%, Brahman-Hill 12.5%, Magar 7%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.5%, Newar 5.4%, Muslim 4.2%, Kami 3.9%, Yadav 3.9%, other 32.7%, unspecified 2.8% (2001 census)	nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups
Exchange rates	Nepalese rupees per US dollar - NA (2007), 72.446 (2006), 72.16 (2005), 73.674 (2004), 76.141 (2003)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Girija Prasad KOIRALA (since 30 April 2006) head of government: Prime Minister Girija Prasad KOIRALA (since 30 April 2006) cabinet: Cabinet historically appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; note - the prime minister selected the Cabinet in May 2006 in consultation with the political parties elections: following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition historically has been appointed prime minister by the monarch	chief of state: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators-at-large for four-year terms; election last held NA May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2003); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Leo A. FALCAM elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA%
Exports	0 bbl/day (2004)	$22 million (f.o.b.)
Exports - commodities	carpets, clothing, leather goods, jute goods, grain	fish, garments, bananas, black pepper
Exports - partners	India 67.9%, US 11.7%, Germany 4.7% (2006)	Japan, US, Guam
Fiscal year	16 July - 15 July	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	red with a blue border around the unique shape of two overlapping right triangles; the smaller, upper triangle bears a white stylized moon and the larger, lower triangle bears a white 12-pointed sun	light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $269 million note: GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 38% industry: 20% services: 42% (FY05/06 est.)	agriculture: 50% industry: 4% services: 46% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.5% (2007 est.)	2% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	28 00 N, 84 00 E	6 55 N, 158 15 E
Geography - note	landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks, including Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga - the world's tallest and third tallest - on the borders with China and India respectively	four major island groups totaling 607 islands
Highways	-	total: 240 km paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 2.6% highest 10%: 40.6% (2004)	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	illicit producer of cannabis and hashish for the domestic and international drug markets; transit point for opiates from Southeast Asia to the West	-
Imports	11,530 bbl/day (2006 est.)	$149 million f.o.b.
Imports - commodities	gold, machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer	food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages
Imports - partners	India 61.8%, China 3.8%, Indonesia 3.3% (2006)	US, Australia, Japan
Independence	1768 (unified by Prithvi Narayan SHAH)	3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	2.2% (FY05/06)	NA%
Industries	tourism, carpet, textile; small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills; cigarettes, cement and brick production	tourism, construction, fish processing, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls
Infant mortality rate	total: 63.66 deaths/1,000 live births male: 61.87 deaths/1,000 live births female: 65.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	8.6% (November 2006 est.)	2.5% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	ADB, BIMSTEC, CP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, OPCW, SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNOMIG, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO	ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	11,700 sq km (2003)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Sarbochha Adalat (chief justice is appointed by the monarch on recommendation of the Constitutional Council; the other judges are appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the Judicial Council)	Supreme Court
Labor force	11.11 million note: severe lack of skilled labor (2006 est.)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 76% industry: 6% services: 18% (2004 est.)	two-thirds are government employees
Land boundaries	total: 2,926 km border countries: China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 16.07% permanent crops: 0.85% other: 83.08% (2005)	arable land: 5.71% permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (1998 est.)
Languages	Nepali 47.8%, Maithali 12.1%, Bhojpuri 7.4%, Tharu (Dagaura/Rana) 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.6%, Magar 3.3%, Awadhi 2.4%, other 10%, unspecified 2.5% (2001 census) note: many in government and business also speak English (2001 est.)	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
Legal system	based on Hindu legal concepts and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch	a 330 seat Interim Parliament was formed on 15 January 2007 following the promulgation of an interim constitution elections: Constituent Assembly elections orginally scheduled for June 2007 are expected to be held on 10 April 2008 election results: Interim Parliament seats by party - NC 85, CPN/M 83, CPN/UML 83, NC/D 48, RPP 9, NSP/AD 5, NWPP 4, People's Front Nepal (Amik Sherchan Group) 4, People's Front Nepal (Chitra Bahadur K.C. Group) 3, UFL 3, People's Front Nepal (Chitra Bahadur Ale Group) 2, NSP 1	unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state - to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population - to serve two-year terms) elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 2 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2003); elections for two-year term seats last held 6 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 60.56 years male: 60.78 years female: 60.33 years (2007 est.)	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 48.6% male: 62.7% female: 34.9% (2001 census)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.)
Location	Southern Asia, between China and India	Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia
Map references	Asia	Oceania
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	none note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: United States 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense
Military branches	Nepalese Army, Armed Police Force (2008)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.6% (2006)	-
National holiday	in 2006, Parliament abolished the birthday of King GYANENDRA (7 July) and Constitution Day (9 November) as national holidays	Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)
Nationality	noun: Nepalese (singular and plural) adjective: Nepalese	noun: Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese
Natural hazards	severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons	typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources	quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore	forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders	Communist Party of Nepal/United Marxist-Leninist or CPN/UML [Madhav Kumar NEPAL]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Pashupati Shumsher RANA] (also called Rastriya Prajantra Party or RPP); Nepal Sadbhavana (Goodwill) Party or NSP - Mandal [Bhadri Prasad MANDAL]; Nepal Sadbhavana Party - Ananda Devi [Ananda DEVI]; Nepal Workers and Peasants Party or NWPP [Narayan Man BIJUKCHHE]; People's Front Nepal (Amik Sherchan Group); People's Front Nepal (Chitra Bahadur Ale Group); People's Front Nepal (Chitra Bahadur K.C. Group); Rastriya Janashakti Party or RJP [Surya Bahadur THAPA] (split from RPP in March 2005); Samyukta Janmorcha Nepal (merged with People's Front Nepal or PFN in 2002); United Leftist Front or UFL [C.P. MAINALI]	no formal parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	Maoist guerrilla-based insurgency [Pushpa Kamal DAHAL, also known as PRACHANDA, chairman; Dr. Baburam BHATTARAI]; numerous small, left-leaning student groups in the capital; several small, radical Nepalese antimonarchist groups	-
Population	28,901,790 (July 2007 est.)	135,869 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	30.9% (2004)	NA%
Population growth rate	2.132% (2007 est.)	NA% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen
Radio broadcast stations	AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2000)	AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	9,400 (1996)
Railways	total: 59 km narrow gauge: 59 km 0.762-m gauge (2006)	0 km (2003)
Religions	Hindu 80.6%, Buddhist 10.7%, Muslim 4.2%, Kirant 3.6%, other 0.9% (2001 census) note: only official Hindu state in the world	Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.067 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.057 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.942 male(s)/female total population: 1.056 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: poor telephone and telegraph service; fair radiotelephone communication service and mobile cellular telephone network domestic: NA international: country code - 977; radiotelephone communications; microwave landline to India; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)	general assessment: adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use	595,800 (2006)	11,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	1.042 million (2006)	newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap
Television broadcast stations	1 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998)	2 (1997)
Terrain	Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north	islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Truk
Total fertility rate	4.01 children born/woman (2007 est.)	NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate	42% (2004 est.)	16% (1999 est.)
Waterways	-	none

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